GPS module
GPS module overview-GPS module explanation
GPS module definition
GPS module full form is Global Positioning System module, the GPS module meaning a signal receiver, which can use wireless or limited connection to transmit the signal to the cloud server for processing to achieve precise positioning.
GPS module description
The GPS module kit is a high-performance, low-power GPS, BDS BeiDou dual-mode GPS module boards. It adopts the ATGM332D-5N-31 module scheme of Zhongke Microelectronics Company, which can output GPS and BDS BeiDou positioning information to the microcontroller system and computer through the serial port, which is simple and convenient to use.
GPS module datasheet
| Characteristic | GPS module description |
| Basic functions(GPS module uses) | 3D position positioning (latitude and longitude, altitude) Speed measurement Time service |
| Navigation System | GPS, Beidou BDS (dual mode) Assisted GNSS support |
| GPS module accuracy of Positioning | 2.5 meters (circular probability error CEP50) |
| GPS module accuracy of Speed measurement | <0.1m/s |
| GPS module accuracy of Heading angle | 0.5 degrees |
| GPS module accuracy of Timing | <30ns |
| Number of RF Channels | Support full constellation Beidou BDS, GPS simultaneous reception |
| Positioning time | Cold start: ≤32s, capture sensitivity -148dBm. Hot start: ≤1s, capture sensitivity -156dBm. Recapture: ≤1s, capture sensitivity -160dBm. |
| Cold Start Capture Sensitivity | -148dBm |
| Hot Start Capture Sensitivity | -156dBm |
| Recapture sensitivity | -160dBm |
| Tracking sensitivity | -162dBm |
| Navigation information maximum update rate | 1Hz (default), max 10Hz |
| Serial port | Reserved serial ports with TTL level standard, support and use 3.3/5V level standard. Supported transfer rates: 4800, 9600, 115200bps, the default is 9600bps. |
| GPS module communication protocol | NMEA0183 |
| The output latitude and longitude coordinate system | wGs-84 coordinate system |
| Maximum height | 18000m |
| Maximum speed | 515m/s |
| Maximum acceleration | 4g |
| Power supply | Power supply through the power supply pin 3.3~5V drawn by the module. Rechargeable GPS module battery to power backup domain after mains power loss. |
| Operating temperature | -40 to +85 degrees Celsius |
| Storage temperature | -40 to +125 degrees Celsius |
| GPS module power consumption | Continuous operation <25mA (@3.3V) |
GPS module Dimensions
GPS module configuration for hardware
The GPS module is accurate in positioning (the GPS module range is 2.5 meters), has stable performance, beautiful device interface layout and easy to use. Its resource description is as shown in the figure:
| No. | Name | GPS module description |
| 1 | ATGM332D-5N-31 module | With fast star search capability (32S) and accurate positioning effect, it is very suitable for applications with high performance and low power consumption. |
| 2 | XH414 Farad electricity | XH414 Farad capacitor, the parameters are: 3.3V 0.07F. Its function is the same as that of a lithium battery. When the main power is turned off, it can supply power to the RTC part of the GPS module kit, so that the GPS module kit can quickly search for satellites when it is started next time. Generally, it can last for 1 hour. |
| 3 | Active Antenna IPX Interface | The IPX interface is used to connect active antennas to enhance the signal. |
| 4 | PPS indicator | After the module is powered on, the time pulse indicator will be on. After the GPS module kit receives the time information, the time pulse signal indicator will flash at a frequency of 1Hz by default, and the signal frequency can be adjusted. |
GPS module external antenna
Active antenna: This GPS module needs to be connected to the antenna when using it, and good satellite signals can be received by using the matching active antenna.
GPS module specifications for Active Antenna
| GPS active antenna | Specification | |
| Ceramics | Center frequency | 1575士1MHz |
| Bandwidth | CF±8MHz | |
| Polarity | RHCP | |
| Gain | 5dB(Zenith) | |
| V.S.W.R | <1.5 | |
| Impedance | 50Q | |
| Axial Ratio | 3dB(max) | |
| Dimension | 25*25*4mm | |
| Amplifier | Gain | 28士2dB |
| Noise Figure | <1.0 | |
| Filter Insertion Loss | <3dB | |
| Ex-band Attenuation | 35dB@CF±50MHz/50dB@CF±100MHz | |
| Supply voltage | 2.7-5V DC | |
| Current Consumption | 16mA | |
| V.S.W.R | <2.0 | |
| Mechanical | Wire | RG174 96 braided copper spray tin |
| Connector form | SMA | |
| Radome Material | PC | |
| Mounting Method | Magnet/Adhesive | |
| Working environment | Operating temperature | -40℃~ +85℃ |
| Relative Humidity | Up to 95% | |
| Waterproof level | IP65~IP67 | |
| Vibration | 10 to 55Hz with 1.5mm amplitude 2hours | |
| Environmentally Friendly | ROHS environmental protection |
GPS module battery
The GPS module battery is an XH414 farad capacitor with parameters: 3.3V 0.07F. Its function is the same as that of a lithium battery. When the main power supply fails, the GPS module backup battery can supply power to the RTC part of the positioning module, so that the positioning module can quickly search for satellites when it is started next time. Generally, it can last for 1 hour.
GPS module comparison
The GPS module is divided into single GPS module, BDS BeiDou module and GPS + BDS BeiDou dual module. The following is GPS module comparison of the parameter:
GPS module comparison
| Module | Single GPS module | BDS BeiDou module | GPS+BDS BeiDou dual module |
| frequency | GPS L1 1575.42MHz C/A code | GPS L1 1575.42MHz C/A码 | 1575±1MHz |
| BD2 B1 1561.098MHz | |||
| channels no | 22 tracking channels, 66 capture channels | 33 tracking channels, 99 capture channels | Support full constellation BeiDou BDS, GPS simultaneous reception |
| sensitivity | Tracking: -165dBm | Tracking: -165dBm | Tracking: -162dBm |
| Capture: -148dBm | Capture: -148dBm | Capture: -160dBm | |
| first fix time | Cold start: 23S (open sky) | Cold start: 23S (open sky) | Cold start: ≤32s |
| Warm start: 2-3S | Warm start: 2-3S | Hot start:≤ls | |
| Hot start: 1S | Hot start: 1S | Recapture: ≤1s | |
| Recapture: <1S | Recapture: <1S | ||
| positioning module | Single system independent positioning | Single system independent positioning | GPS, BeiDou BDS (dual mode) |
| Multi-system joint positioning | |||
| auxiliary positioning | EPO | AlwaysLocate; AIC; EPO;EASY | Assisted GNSS support |
| PPS | 10ns | 10ns | <30ns |
| Max. update rate | Max. 10Hz, default 1Hz | Max. 10Hz, default 1Hz | Max. 10Hz, default 1Hz |
| Data Format | NMEA 0183 | NMEA 0183 | NMEA0183 |
| GGA, GLL, GSA, GSV, RMC, VTG | GGA, GLL, GSA, GSV, RMC, VTG, ZDA | GGA, GLL, GSA, GSV, RMC, VTG, ZDA | |
| The default baud rate of the module is 9600bps | Module default NMEA-0183 output settings GGA, GSA, RMC, GSV | The default baud rate is 9600bps | |
| The default baud rate of the module is 9600bps | |||
| power consumption | Tracking: 25mA @3.3V Typ | Tracking: 25mA @3.3V Typ | Continuous operation <25mA (@3.3V) |
| Capture: 30mA @3.3V | Capture: 30mA @3.3V | ||
| Antenna type | Support active antenna, passive antenna | Support active antenna, passive antenna | Support active antenna, passive antenna |
GPS module pinout
The GPS module uses serial port communication, and the communication pin level is TTL type, so when communicating with the computer, it needs to use the serial port line of USB to serial port TTL as the medium, the following is the physical picture of CH340 USB to TTL line.
In addition to using a TTL serial cable, you can also use a general DuPont cable to directly connect the GPS module to the development board. The following is the physical connection diagram and the connection description of the GPS module interfacing with STM32 series development board.
| ATGM332D GPS module | STM32F103 RCT6/VET6/ ZET6 | STM32F429 IGT6 | STM32F429 IGT6_V2 | STM32F407 ZGT6 | STM32H750_Pro/ STM32H743_Pro/ STM32H743IIT6_V2/ STM32F767IGT6_V2 | ||
| Pin no. | Pin name | Pin description | Pin Name | ||||
| 1 | VCC | Power supply, 3.3V power supply | 3V3 | 3V3 | 3V3 | 3V3 | 5V |
| 2 | GND | land | GND | GND | GND | GND | GND |
| 3 | TX | Serial data receiving pin | PA2 | PB10 | PC6 | PA2 | PC6 |
| 4 | RX | Serial data sending pin | PA3 | PB11 | PC7 | PA3 | PC7 |
| 5 | PPS | signal light output pin | no connection | no connection | no connection | no connection | no connection |
The GPS module is connected to the Raspberry Pi development board. According to the documentation of the GPS module and the pin definition of the Raspberry Pi, a total of 4 wires need to be connected: VCC 5V, GND ground, TXD and RXD. The so-called TOP and BOTTOM on the Raspberry Pi refer to the two rows of GPIO pins, and BOTTOM is the side close to the SD card. Note that the TXD on the GPS module is connected to the RXD of the Raspberry Pi, and the RXD of the GPS module is connected to the TXD of the Raspberry Pi, as shown in the figure:
1)GPS_Decode_SDCard experiment (decoding results output by the experimental serial port debugging assistant)
This program decodes the GPSlog.txt file of the SD card on the development board (please make sure that the file is in the card). During the experiment, connect the USB cable to the USB TOUART interface of the development board to receive the decoding information of the GPS log from the development board. See Figure, the serial port debugging assistant shows the received decoding information.
2) GPS_Decode_USART experiment (experimental serial port debugging assistant prompt information).
This program needs to connect the GPS module kit to the corresponding serial port pins of the development board. When the satellite signal is good, the serial port debugging assistant will display the real-time positioning information decoded by STM32 development board, as shown in the figure.
3) Experimental screenshots
This procedure is the same as above, the GPS module needs to be connected to the development board. When the GPS signal is good, the serial port debugging assistant and the onboard LCD screen will display the real-time positioning information, as shown in the figure.
1.Why is there a large deviation when inputting the decoded latitude and longitude data into the map?
Answer: This is because of the different coordinate systems. The domestic electronic map adopts the “Mars coordinate system”, and the output of the GPS module is the standard WGS-84 coordinate system. This is not because the positioning of GPS module kit is not accurate.
2. Why can’t I see the original data when using the PC to test?
Answer: Please check the connection between the GPS module and the USB-to-serial TTL cable, pay special attention to the cross-connection between the serial cable and the TXD and RXD of the GPS module (ie TXD<–>RXD, RXD<–>TXD). In addition, confirm that the COM port opened by the host computer corresponds to the USB to TTL line, and that the baud rate is required to be 9600.
3. When using the computer host computer to test, there is original data, but after a long time, the positioning has not been successful?
Answer: Confirm that the GPS module external antenna is well connected, and confirm the connection of the GPS module external antenna according to the GPTXT statement in the description; confirm that the antenna is in a position with good satellite signal, the antenna needs to be facing up, and placed outside (a window sill or balcony) without obstruction thing. If the antenna is placed indoors, it cannot be positioned, and the satellite signal basically has no signal indoors (the mobile phone can be positioned indoors because it also uses mobile and Wi-Fi network assistance, and it cannot be positioned purely using satellite signals)
4. Why is there no decoding information output when running the STM32 development board (超链接 STM32 聚合页） to decode the SD card log file program?
Answer: Make sure that the debugging assistant opens the COM port for debugging the STM32 development board kit and the baud rate is 115200, confirm that the development board has been connected to the SD card, and the root directory of the SD card has the GPSlog.txt log file under the project path.
5. When running the decoding program of the STM32 development board kit, why is there no decoding information output? (The serial port program does not update the decoding data, and the LCD screen is always on the initial interface.)
Answer: Make sure that the debugging assistant opens the COM slogan for debugging the STM32 development board and the baud rate is 115200. Check the hardware connection between the module and the development board corresponding to STM32 development board kit. For the STM32F103 microcontroller development board STM32F103ZET6 and STM32F407 discovery board (STM32F407ZGT6), pay attention to the problem of jumping caps.
6. When running the STM32 development board kit decoding program, why is the location not marked on the host computer map?
Answer: To use the function of marking the location on the host computer, please directly use the USB to serial TTL cable to connect the location GPS module to the computer. The STM32 development board kit decoding program only sends the decoding results to the computer without marking.
7. GPS module led not blinking
Answer: The cause of the failure may be that the external power supply of the module is not normal.
Solution:
(1) If the external power supply is abnormal and the internal welding causes no power supply, then add a welding power plug.
(2) If the power switch tube VI is damaged, replace V1, model B772.
(3) If the fuse is broken or the power cord is disconnected, replace the fuse or power cord.
8. GPS module not responding
Answer:
Possibility 1: the GPS module with external antenna device is broken. check to see whether the GPS module external antenna is broken, confirm whether the antenna connection of the module is good, confirm whether the antenna is in a position with a good satellite signal, the antenna needs to face up, and place it outdoors (window sill or balcony is also acceptable) without shelter. If the antenna is placed indoors, it cannot be positioned, and the satellite signal basically has no signal indoors (the mobile phone can be positioned indoors because it also uses mobile and Wi-Fi network assistance, and purely using satellite signals cannot be positioned), if the GPS module external antenna is broken, replace the antenna in time.
Possibility 2: There is a problem with the GPS module power supply. Check whether the power cord of the module is faulty or not powered off. The GPS module is installed with a supply voltage and current within the specified voltage and current ranges. Whether the indicator light of the module is not lit at all. If everything is normal, it is not a power problem. If the indicator light is not on, it is time to check whether there is a problem with the power supply and replace the power cord in time.
GPS module schematic
GPS module Shipping List
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